CVE-2025-14178

Heap buffer overflow in array_merge()

At a glance

Severity: MEDIUM 6.5
EPSS: EPSS 0.46 % · percentile 40 (2026-10-27)
State: PUBLISHED
Published: 2025-12-27
Updated: 2026-01-24
Assigner: php
NVD status: Modified

Description

In PHP versions:8.1.* before 8.1.34, 8.2.* before 8.2.30, 8.3.* before 8.3.29, 8.4.* before 8.4.16, 8.5.* before 8.5.1, a heap buffer overflow occurs in array_merge() when the total element count of packed arrays exceeds 32-bit limits or HT_MAX_SIZE, due to an integer overflow in the precomputation of element counts using zend_hash_num_elements(). This may lead to memory corruption or crashes and affect the integrity and availability of the target server.

Scores

Version	Score	Vector	Scored by
CVSS 3.1	MEDIUM 6.5	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H	php
CVSS 3.1	MEDIUM 6.5	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H	NVD · security@php.net (Secondary)
CVSS 3.1	HIGH 8.2	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H	NVD · nvd@nist.gov (Primary)

Weaknesses (CWE)

European references

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-205485
GCVE · GCVE-0-2025-14178

CERT-FR advisories

CERTFR-2026-AVI-0326 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
CERTFR-2026-AVI-0178 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans Tenable Security Center · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
CERTFR-2025-AVI-1126 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans PHP · cert.ssi.gouv.fr

Affected configurations (NVD CPE)

cpe:2.3:a:php:php:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* ≥ 8.1.0 < 8.1.34
cpe:2.3:a:php:php:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* ≥ 8.2.0 < 8.2.30
cpe:2.3:a:php:php:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* ≥ 8.3.0 < 8.3.29
cpe:2.3:a:php:php:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* ≥ 8.4.0 < 8.4.16
cpe:2.3:a:php:php:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* ≥ 8.5.0 < 8.5.1

Affected products

Product	Versions
PHP Group · PHP	affected 8.1.* < 8.1.34 ; affected 8.2.* < 8.2.30 ; affected 8.3.* < 8.3.29 ; affected 8.4.* < 8.4.16 ; affected 8.5.* < 8.5.1

References

Sources

Source	Licence
CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5)	CVE Program Terms of Use
EPSS (FIRST.org)	FIRST — attribution requested
ENISA EUVD	ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged
CERT-FR (ANSSI)	Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0
NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds	Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD