vLLM using built-in hash() from Python 3.12 leads to predictable hash collisions in vLLM prefix cache (vllm-project vllm)
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 0.19 % · percentile 9 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- GitHub_M
- NVD status
- Analyzed
Description
vLLM is a high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs. Maliciously constructed statements can lead to hash collisions, resulting in cache reuse, which can interfere with subsequent responses and cause unintended behavior. Prefix caching makes use of Python's built-in hash() function. As of Python 3.12, the behavior of hash(None) has changed to be a predictable constant value. This makes it more feasible that someone could try exploit hash collisions. The impact of a collision would be using cache that was generated using different content. Given knowledge of prompts in use and predictable hashing behavior, someone could intentionally populate the cache using a prompt known to collide with another prompt in use. This issue has been addressed in version 0.7.2 and all users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
Weaknesses (CWE)
- CWE-354 — Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
References
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | LOW 2.6 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N | GitHub_M |
| CVSS 3.1 | LOW 2.6 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N | NVD · security-advisories@github.com (Secondary) |
Advisories
- GHSA-rm76-4mrf-v9r8 — vLLM uses Python 3.12 built-in hash() which leads to predictable hash collisions in prefix cache
- PYSEC-2025-62 — vLLM is a high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs. Maliciously constructed statements can lead to hash collisions, resulting
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-4074
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2025-25183
CERT-FR advisories
- CERTFR-2025-AVI-1057 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
Affected configurations (NVD CPE)
cpe:2.3:a:vllm:vllm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*< 0.7.2
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| vllm-project · vllm | affected < 0.7.2 |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| CERT-FR (ANSSI) | Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |