vm2: NodeVM builtin allowlist bypass via `module` builtin's `Module._load` allows sandbox escape (patriksimek vm2)
At a glance
- Source
- NVD
- EPSS
- EPSS 0.97 % · percentile 62 ()
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- GitHub_M
- NVD status
- Modified
Description
vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, NodeVM's builtin allowlist can be bypassed when the module builtin is allowed (including via the '*' wildcard). The module builtin exposes Node's Module._load(), which loads any module by name directly in the host context, completely bypassing vm2's builtin restriction. This allows sandboxed code to load excluded builtins like child_process and achieve remote code execution. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.
Weaknesses (CWE)
References
- https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-947f-4v7f-x2v8
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43999
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477196
- https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-43999.json
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:50850
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL 9.9 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H | GitHub_M |
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL 9.9 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H | redhat-SADP |
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL 9.9 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H | NVD · security-advisories@github.com (Secondary) |
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL 9.9 | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H | NVD · 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c (Secondary) |
Advisories
- GHSA-947f-4v7f-x2v8 — vm2 has a NodeVM builtin allowlist bypass via `module` builtin's `Module._load` that allows sandbox escape
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-30069
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2026-43999
Affected configurations (NVD CPE)
cpe:2.3:a:vm2_project:vm2:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*< 3.11.0
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| patriksimek · vm2 | affected < 3.11.0 |
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |