CVE-2025-55234

Windows SMB Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

HIGH 8.8

At a glance

Source: NVD
EPSS: EPSS 20.60 % · percentile 98 (2026-10-28)
State: PUBLISHED
Published: 2025-09-09 17:01 UTC
Updated: 2026-02-26 17:48 UTC
Assigner: microsoft
NVD status: Modified

Description

SMB Server might be susceptible to relay attacks depending on the configuration. An attacker who successfully exploited these vulnerabilities could perform relay attacks and make the users subject to elevation of privilege attacks. The SMB Server already supports mechanisms for hardening against relay attacks: SMB Server signing SMB Server Extended Protection for Authentication (EPA) Microsoft is releasing this CVE to provide customers with audit capabilities to help them to assess their environment and to identify any potential device or software incompatibility issues before deploying SMB Server hardening measures that protect against relay attacks. If you have not already enabled SMB Server hardening measures, we advise customers to take the following actions to be protected from these relay attacks: Assess your environment by utilizing the audit capabilities that we are exposing in the September 2025 security updates. See Support for Audit Events to deploy SMB Server Hardening—SMB Server Signing & SMB Server EPA. Adopt appropriate SMB Server hardening measures.

Weaknesses (CWE)

CWE-287 — Improper Authentication

References

Scores

Version	Score	Vector	Scored by
CVSS 3.1	HIGH 8.8	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C	microsoft
CVSS 3.1	HIGH 8.8	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H	NVD · secure@microsoft.com (Secondary)
CVSS 3.1	CRITICAL 9.8	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H	NVD · nvd@nist.gov (Primary)

European references

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-27294
GCVE · GCVE-0-2025-55234

CERT-FR advisories

CERTFR-2025-AVI-0778 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans Microsoft Windows · cert.ssi.gouv.fr

Affected configurations (NVD CPE)

cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* < 10.0.10240.21128
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:* < 10.0.10240.21128
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* < 10.0.14393.8422
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:* < 10.0.14393.8422
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* < 10.0.17763.7792
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:* < 10.0.17763.7792
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* < 10.0.19044.6332
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* < 10.0.19045.6332
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* < 10.0.22621.5909
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* < 10.0.22631.5909
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* < 10.0.26100.6508
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:x64:*
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:x86:*
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:r2:sp1:*:*:*:*:x64:*
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* < 10.0.14393.8422
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* < 10.0.17763.7792
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* < 10.0.20348.4106
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* < 10.0.25398.1849
cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* < 10.0.26100.6508

Affected products

Product	Versions
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 1507	affected 10.0.10240.0 < 10.0.10240.21128
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 1607	affected 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.8422
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 1809	affected 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.7792
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 21H2	affected 10.0.19044.0 < 10.0.19044.6332
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 22H2	affected 10.0.19045.0 < 10.0.19045.6332
Microsoft · Windows 11 version 22H2	affected 10.0.22621.0 < 10.0.22621.5909
Microsoft · Windows 11 version 22H3	affected 10.0.22631.0 < 10.0.22631.5909
Microsoft · Windows 11 Version 23H2	affected 10.0.22631.0 < 10.0.22631.5909
Microsoft · Windows 11 Version 24H2	affected 10.0.26100.0 < 10.0.26100.6584
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1	affected 6.1.7601.0 < 6.1.7601.27929
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)	affected 6.1.7601.0 < 6.1.7601.27929
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2	affected 6.0.6003.0 < 6.0.6003.23529
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)	affected 6.0.6003.0 < 6.0.6003.23529
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012	affected 6.2.9200.0 < 6.2.9200.25675
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)	affected 6.2.9200.0 < 6.2.9200.25675
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012 R2	affected 6.3.9600.0 < 6.3.9600.22774
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)	affected 6.3.9600.0 < 6.3.9600.22774
Microsoft · Windows Server 2016	affected 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.8422
Microsoft · Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)	affected 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.8422
Microsoft · Windows Server 2019	affected 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.7792

Sources

Source	Licence
CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5)	CVE Program Terms of Use
EPSS (FIRST.org)	FIRST — attribution requested
ENISA EUVD	ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged
CERT-FR (ANSSI)	Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0
NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds	Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD