CVE-2026-111497
Out-of-Bounds Write in Google Brotli Decoder
At a glance
- Severity
- CRITICAL 9.2
- Exploitation
- Known exploited (CISA KEV) · added 2026-10-27
Exploited per ENISA since 2026-10-27 - EPSS
- EPSS 55.48 % · percentile 99 (2026-10-27)
- State
- PUBLISHED
- Published
- Updated
- Assigner
- NVD status
- Undergoing Analysis
Description
A buffer overflow vulnerability in the Brotli decoder (c/dec/decode.c) in Google Brotli versions 1.0.3 through 1.2.0 on all platforms allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to corrupt adjacent decoder state memory, disclose sensitive memory contents, cause a denial of service, or potentially execute arbitrary code using a crafted Brotli-compressed stream. Users need to update any Brotli libraries or binaries between 1.0.3 through 1.2.0 to the latest available version: 1.0.10 or 1.1.1 or 1.2.1.
Scores
| Version | Score | Vector | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | CRITICAL 9.2 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N | |
| CVSS 4.0 | CRITICAL 9.2 | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X | NVD · cve-coordination@google.com (Secondary) |
Weaknesses (CWE)
Advisories
- GHSA-9v8h-qqgm-4m35 — Brotli: Out-of-bounds write in the Brotli decoder ("Node2Shell") also affects the PyPI Brotli package
- PYSEC-2026-4322 — Out-of-bounds write in the Brotli decoder ("Node2Shell") also affects the PyPI Brotli package
- PYSEC-2026-4323 — Out-of-bounds write in the brotlicffi decoder ("Node2Shell") also affects the PyPI Brotli package
European references
- ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2026-108169
- GCVE · GCVE-0-2026-111497
CERT-FR advisories
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-1396 — Vulnérabilité dans les produits Palo Alto Networks · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-1383 — Vulnérabilité dans les produits Microsoft · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
- CERTFR-2026-AVI-1382 — Multiples vulnérabilités dans Microsoft .Net · cert.ssi.gouv.fr
Affected products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| Google · Brotli | affected 1.0.3 < 1.0.10 ; affected 1.1.0 < 1.1.1 ; affected 1.2.0 < 1.2.1 |
References
- https://nodejs.org/en/blog/vulnerability/october-2026-security-releases#nodejs-brotli-decoder-out-of-bounds-write-permits-remote-code-execution-cve-2026-111497---high
- https://github.com/andybalholm/brotli/releases/tag/v1.2.7
- https://ellio.tech/en/blog/node2shell-cve-2026-111497-rce-on-stock-nodejs-builds/
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2026-111497
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9v8h-qqgm-4m35
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/10/23/25
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2026/10/msg00049.html
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/10/24/6
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/10/26/12
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/10/26/13
- https://www.aikido.dev/blog/node2shell-nodejs-brotli-rce-cve-2026-111497
- https://broccoli2shell.com
- https://github.com/dotnet/announcements/issues/494
- https://github.com/google/brotli/releases/tag/v1.2.1
- https://github.com/google/brotli/releases/tag/v1.1.1
- https://github.com/google/brotli/releases/tag/v1.0.10
- https://patchtheplanet.org/brotli
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/10/26/16
Sources
| Source | Licence |
|---|---|
| CVE List (CVEProject cvelistV5) | CVE Program Terms of Use |
| CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities | CC0 1.0 |
| EPSS (FIRST.org) | FIRST — attribution requested |
| ENISA EUVD | ENISA — reproduction authorised, source acknowledged |
| CERT-FR (ANSSI) | Licence Ouverte / Etalab 2.0 |
| NVD (NIST) via fkie-cad/nvd-json-data-feeds | Public domain — this product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD |